With 58 units currently under construction and a target of 150 GW capacity by 2035, China faces significant challenges in delivering numerous nuclear projects safely, on schedule, and within budget. State Nuclear Power Technology Corporation (SNPTC), a subsidiary of State Power Investment Corporation (SPIC), is addressing these issues through standardized designs, management models, and strategic procurement.
A key challenge identified is balancing standardized designs with continuous technological improvements. SNPTC aims for a standard design reuse ratio exceeding 80%, utilizing a Design Change board for tiered approval of modifications. This approach seeks to prevent construction disruptions from frequent design changes while avoiding technological obsolescence.
Supply chain resilience is another critical area. SNPTC recognizes the risk of long-lead critical equipment supply not matching project demand, which can hinder the simultaneous construction of multiple units. To mitigate this, SNPTC consolidates orders from various projects for centralized procurement. They also maintain reactor-specific industrial chains and implement an early warning mechanism for supply chain risks, including backup plans for high-risk items. A target of over 93% first-time pass rate for equipment acceptance is in place.
Management of multiple parallel projects requires standardized, replicable models that extend into construction and installation. SNPTC employs standardized management organizations, fixed-price contracts, and strict control over project boundaries and design changes. The integration of AI and digital tools aims to reduce labor intensity, while modular construction optimizes work sequences from design to commissioning. These measures contribute to a targeted 56-month construction schedule with a 95% first-time pass rate for key processes.
Specialized talent development is crucial, as shortages of certified nuclear-grade welders and non-destructive testing technicians constrain equipment manufacturing and construction progress. SNPTC emphasizes the need for talent development to keep pace with project growth. In commissioning, an EPC contract-led model with deep owner involvement is adopted, reaching 40-50% on new projects and 50-60% on expansion projects. This includes a cross-project commissioning manpower matrix and two-tier tools and equipment pooling across sites, supporting a reliable and transferable fleet-based construction system.
SNPTC is actively seeking collaboration with international partners on technical standards, supply chain resilience, talent development, and smart construction to achieve its industry goals.